Fungal Infections of the Skin

About Fungal Infection of the Skin

What is it?

Tinea versicolor, sometimes called pityriasis versicolor, is a fungal/yeast skin infection that causes small oval discolored patches to develop on the skin. These patches may be lighter or darker in color than the surrounding skin and most commonly affect the trunk and shoulders. This fungal skin infection occurs most frequently in teens and young adults and sun exposure may make it more apparent. Tinea versicolor, which is also called pityriasis versicolor, is not painful or contagious. But it can lead to emotional distress or self-consciousness. Tinea versicolor often recurs, especially in warm, humid weather.

What causes it?

We all have yeast living on our skin and when yeast grows out of control, a person can get a skin disease called tinea versicolor. Your dermatologist may tell you that you have a fungal infection on your skin, yeast is a type of fungus. Many people get tinea versicolor and it is one of the most common skin diseases in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The fungus that causes tinea versicolor can be found on healthy skin. It can start causing problems when the fungus starts growing due to a number of factors. This often happens when there is hot, humid weather, oily skin can trigger it, hormonal changes, and even a weakened immune system. The first sign of tinea versicolor is often spots on the skin. These can be lighter (or darker) than your surrounding skin and can be on all parts of your body. They can be dry, scaly, and itchy. If you are tan, they are more noticeable (yeast prevents the skin from tanning). They can even grow together, forming patches of lighter (or darker) skin and disappear when the temperature drops and return in the spring or summer when the air turns warm and humid.

Common treatments

The good news is that is a treatable fungus. Antifungal creams, lotions or shampoos can help treat tinea versicolor. Once you notice that you may have this fungal infection, schedule an appointment with your dermatologist. Your doctor will prescribe medication that aligns with your skin type. It also depends on where the tinea versicolor appears on your body, how much skin has been infected, how thick the spots have grown, and the climate. From creams to cleansers to anti-fungal pills will all depend on the severity of the fungal infection.
Call today to schedule an appointment with one of our highly trained dermatologists so that we can help rid you of this skin infection.

 

Lipoma Excisions

Lipoma excision is a surgical procedure to remove a lipoma, which is a benign (non-cancerous) growth of fatty tissue that develops just beneath the skin. Lipomas are soft, slow-growing, and usually painless, although they can cause discomfort or aesthetic concerns depending on their size and location.

Characteristics of Lipomas

  • Soft and Movable: They feel rubbery and can usually be moved under the skin.
  • Painless: Most lipomas are not tender unless pressing on nerves or near sensitive areas.
  • Slow-Growing: They increase in size gradually over time.
  • Common Locations: Neck, shoulders, back, abdomen, arms, and thighs.

Reasons for Lipoma Removal

  • Cosmetic Concerns: If the lipoma is large or noticeable.
  • Pain or Discomfort: If the lipoma presses on nerves, muscles, or joints.
  • Rapid Growth: To rule out malignancy, although lipomas are rarely cancerous.
  • Mobility Issues: If the lipoma interferes with movement.
  • Uncertainty in Diagnosis: To confirm it is a benign lipoma and not a more serious condition.

Procedure Steps

  1. Preparation:
    • The area is cleaned, and local anesthesia is administered to numb the region.
    • In some cases, general anesthesia may be used for large or deep lipomas.
  2. Incision and Removal:
    • The surgeon makes an incision over the lipoma.
    • The fatty tissue is carefully separated from surrounding tissues and removed entirely.
  3. Closure:
    • The incision is closed with sutures or surgical glue, depending on its size.
    • The area is dressed to promote healing.
  4. Post-Procedure:
    • Patients receive instructions for wound care.
    • Pain relief medication may be prescribed if necessary.

Recovery

  • Healing Time: Typically 1–2 weeks for small excisions; larger ones may take longer.
  • Scarring: Minimal with proper care, but scarring depends on the size and location of the lipoma.
  • Complications: Rare, but can include infection, bleeding, or recurrence.

Considerations

  • Lipoma excision is generally a safe and straightforward outpatient procedure.
  • Removing the lipoma in its entirety reduces the risk of recurrence.
  • The excised tissue may be sent for pathological examination to confirm the diagnosis.

Cyst Excisions

Cyst excision is a minor surgical procedure to remove a cyst, which is a closed sac-like structure filled with fluid, semi-solid material, or air. Cysts can develop anywhere on the body, and they are often benign (non-cancerous). However, they may be removed for medical or cosmetic reasons, especially if they become painful, infected, or unsightly.

Common Types of Cysts Treated by Excision

  1. Epidermoid Cysts: Usually found on the face, neck, or trunk.
  2. Pilar Cysts: Commonly occur on the scalp.
  3. Sebaceous Cysts: Form due to blocked sebaceous glands and are often filled with oily material.
  4. Ganglion Cysts: Found near joints, especially in the wrist.
  5. Breast Cysts: Found in breast tissue.
  6. Dermoid Cysts: May contain hair, skin, or other tissues.

Procedure Steps

  1. Preparation:
    • The area around the cyst is cleaned.
    • A local anesthetic is applied to numb the site.
  2. Excision:
    • The surgeon makes a small incision over the cyst.
    • The entire cyst, including its sac or wall, is carefully removed to prevent recurrence.
  3. Closure:
    • The incision is closed with stitches, adhesive strips, or sutures, depending on the size and location.
  4. Post-Procedure:
    • The site is bandaged, and aftercare instructions are provided.
    • Stitches may need to be removed after 7–14 days, depending on the type used.

Recovery

  • Healing Time: Typically 1–2 weeks.
  • Scarring: Minimal scarring is expected with proper care.
  • Recurrence: If the cyst’s wall is not completely removed, it may recur.

Why Remove a Cyst?

  • Pain or discomfort.
  • Infection or abscess formation.
  • Rapid growth or changes in appearance.
  • Cosmetic concerns.
  • To rule out malignancy through a biopsy.

Earlobe Repair

Earlobe repair is a surgical procedure that corrects damage or deformities of the earlobe. It is commonly performed to address issues such as:

  1. Torn Earlobes: Caused by trauma, such as earrings being accidentally pulled out or heavy earrings stretching the piercing over time.
  2. Stretched Earlobes: Often due to gauged earrings or other intentional body modifications that leave the earlobe excessively stretched.
  3. Split Earlobes: When the earlobe has been completely torn into two parts, usually due to extreme stretching or an accident.
  4. Sagging or Wrinkled Earlobes: Due to aging, earlobes can lose volume and elasticity.

The Procedure

  • Preparation: The area is typically numbed with a local anesthetic.
  • Repair: The surgeon trims the edges of the tear or deformity and uses fine sutures to reconstruct the earlobe.
  • Healing: Sutures are usually removed after about a week, and the area typically heals in a few weeks.
  • Re-piercing: If desired, the earlobe can be re-pierced after full healing, usually after 2–3 months.

Earlobe repair is an outpatient procedure, relatively simple, and often performed in a clinic setting. It results in a more natural-looking earlobe, with minimal scarring in most cases.

Skin Cancer Removal

About Skin Cancer Removal

What is it?

What happens if you’ve been diagnosed with skin cancer? What are the options? What’s the likelihood of successful treatment? Our dermatology specialists understand that skin cancer can affect not only physically, but psychologically as well. We are here to provide treatment, encouragement, strength, support, and answers to all your questions should you ever receive such a diagnosis. We’ll be by your side each step of the way, from diagnosis to prognosis to treatment and aftercare support. Most importantly, know that skin cancer is very treatable. Even melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, has a 90% five-year survivability rate for patients who receive treatment.

What to expect

When it comes to skin cancer, treatment protocols typically involve one or a combination of the following treatments:

Cryotherapy

Cryotherapy is a minimally-invasive treatment typically used for early-stage skin cancer that has not spread. This treatment is effective for actinic keratosis, warts, and superficial basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas. During cryotherapy, the cancerous area is targeted with extremely cold liquid gas (such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide between -346° F and -320° F) that instantly freezes the cancerous tissue before destroying it. You will receive your cryotherapy treatment in the office, often as part of a regular exam. Typically, cryotherapy only takes a few moments to perform and you can return to normal activities immediately after treatment is complete.

Electrodessication and curettage (EC&D)

This simple 2-step surgical procedure is especially effective for individuals with basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma. By removing the cancerous tissue via curettage (scraping), then closing the wound by electrodesiccation (superheating process), our surgeons can safely and effectively eradicate cancerous cells from your body. EC&D is performed in the office under local anesthesia and typically takes 30 minutes or less with no downtime following the procedure. In most cases, this treatment doesn’t even require sutures! EC&D is recommended for areas of the body that are not regularly visible, such as the back or torso. It’s also an excellent option for superficial, less serious skin cancers that have yet to spread beyond ¼ to ½ inch (6-10mm) in diameter.

Excisional surgery

Excisional surgery is a minor surgical procedure that carefully removes cancerous lesions from your body before they have a chance to spread. Our dermatologists recommend this procedure for small to medium-sized moles/lesions in areas of the body typically covered by clothing. Excisional surgery is a quick in-office procedure that is usually performed with local anesthesia. Following the procedure, the removed tissue will be sent to our pathology lab to determine if it was cancerous and to see if it all the cancerous cells were removed. Excisional surgery option is a good choice if a skin lesion is affecting your appearance. A consultation with your neighborhood skin cancer specialists at our center can determine if this treatment is right for you.

Brachytherapy

Brachytherapy provides a fast skin cancer treatment with minimal side effects and exceptional cosmetic outcomes. The technology is unique because it uses a miniaturized x-ray source that can be turned on or off, instead of the traditional radioactive seeds that are always emitting radiation. This means that the shielding requirements are very minimal, and your radiation therapy team is able to remain in the treatment room with you. Because it is a short procedure with minimal side effects, eBxTM is an ideal skin cancer treatment alternative for patients not interested in surgery.

After the procedure

Recovery from skin cancer removal depends on the type of treatment performed. To learn more about skin cancer recovery, please contact one of our dermatology specialists today!

Providers

Our approach & expertise

Skin cancer is our specialty. We have a variety of highly-trained and experienced skin cancer specialists who have a wide array of treatment options at their disposal. During a skin cancer consultation at our center, our dermatologists will assess your unique case and customize a treatment program suited to your particular needs.

Rosacea

About Rosacea

What is it?

Rosacea is characterized by persistent skin redness, the prominence of blood vessels, blotchiness, and reddish bumps or pimples on the face; it’s as if you have the inclination to blush or flush quickly and without reason. In particular, it commonly develops in the cheeks, chin, nose, forehead, ears, and neck.

What causes it?

The exact causes of rosacea are unknown, although genetics, problem blood vessels, and irregular immune system function are thought to contribute. There are, however, known common triggers that you should avoid, such as sun exposure, alcohol, spicy foods, and hot liquids.

Common treatments

There is no outright “cure” for rosacea and it is often unpredictable; even if you avoid triggers and follow a treatment plan that eliminates the symptoms, it can return without warning. However, the skin experts at our dermatology practice can help you manage the condition by minimizing symptoms as much as possible. For milder cases, topical medications can reduce redness while oral medications can shrink bumps and pimples. For more severe symptoms, laser or IPL (intense pulsed light) therapy is effective for improving blood vessels and/or reducing blushing and flushing.

Our approach & expertise

We understand the effects that rosacea can have on you, both physically and psychologically, due to characteristics that make you feel self-conscious. As your neighborhood skin experts, we have the experience and knowledge to provide support and encouragement as well as answer questions you may have about this bothersome skin issue. Because you always have a say in your treatment, we provide customized solutions to meet your needs and goals. We’re beside you every step of the way, addressing your concerns with advice and after-care guidance.
Contact an office today if you notice rosacea characteristics so that we can help you combat this condition.

Lupus Erythematosus

About Lupus Erythematosus

What is it?

Lupus Erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can last weeks, months, or even years. It affects not only your skin but also your joints and organs and frequently all three at the same time. There are two common types of lupus: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which can affect your joints, organs, and skin, and discoid lupus, which is characterized by skin rash flare-ups on your face, neck, and scalp. The signs and symptoms of lupus are unpredictable and vary from person to person, but they commonly include recurring fevers, debilitating fatigue, skin rashes (particularly spreading across your nose and cheeks as well as under the eyes, known as “butterfly rash”), hair loss, skin lesions, swollen joints, thyroid issues, and heartburn, acid indigestion, and other GI tract issues.

 

What causes it?

Although the exact cause of lupus is not clear, there is strong evidence that hormones and genetics play a major role in the development of this condition. Environmental factors are also believed to contribute, including, viruses, stress, fatigue, UV rays, smoking, injury, antibiotics, and dust and dirt.

 

Common treatments

There is no known cure for lupus, therefore our goal is to manage your condition by preventing flare-ups, reducing pain and swelling, and mitigating the potential damage to your organs, joints, and other areas that can be affected by this condition. Our dermatologists and staff work with you to develop a customized treatment plan that could include corticosteroids as well as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant medications. You can rely on us to be an integral part of your support in managing this disorder.

 

Providers

Our approach & expertise

We know that lupus can have a significant impact on you, both physically and emotionally. As your community skin specialists, we’re here to provide encouragement and answer questions you may have about this potentially dangerous condition. We have skilled dermatologic experts with the knowledge and experience to advise you of treatment options that can be tailored to meet your needs. We’ll also be by your side to address your concerns as well as provide advice and support. Get in touch with us today if you notice symptoms of lupus so that we can help you manage this unpredictable condition.

Sclerotherapy for Varicose Veins & More

Sclerotherapy is a treatment for varicose veins and broken capillaries.

Although sclerotherapy is non-surgical, it is not non-invasive. The treatment consists of multiple injections of a solution into the vein. The solution causes the vein to swell, which leads to a loss of blood flow, making the vein shrink. When the vein shrinks, it is either less noticeable or invisible on the surface of the skin.

Sclerotherapy is nearly painless, aside from a slight pinch when the needle is injected. Most patients report discomfort rather than pain. Sometimes one session of sclerotherapy is enough to see desired results. Other times, multiple sessions are needed.

What is Sclerotherapy Used For?

Sclerotherapy is used by dermatologists to treat:

  • Varicose veins
  • Spider veins
  • Broken capillaries

Each of these conditions responds favorably to sclerotherapy. The best results occur when the patient makes lifestyle changes that support healthy veins, such as:

  • Staying out of the sun
  • Using sunblock
  • Avoiding excess alcohol
  • Quitting smoking
  • Eating a diet rich in vitamins and minerals
  • Getting sufficient exercise

Long-lasting results depend on not engaging in behavior that is likely to cause vein damage. Otherwise, other veins may be damaged, and more sessions of sclerotherapy treatment may be needed.

Types of Sclerotherapy

There are different types of sclerotherapy available for the treatment of varicose veins and spider veins. These include:

  • Ultrasound sclerotherapy. This type of sclerotherapy is done using ultrasound technology. The ultrasound detects the location of the damaged veins more readily. This is useful when the varicose vein is deeper than the surface.
  • Liquid sclerotherapy. This type of sclerotherapy is used for smaller varicose veins and spider veins. The liquid is injected into the vein, which causes it to inflame, scar, and then shrink and die. The vein is then absorbed into the body as waste. Healthy blood vessels in the area then take up the slack where the damaged vein was.
  • Foam sclerotherapy. In this type of sclerotherapy, a specific chemical is injected into the large varicose vein. The chemical is mixed with CO2 and air. It treats the varicose vein using displacement. The vein then becomes inflamed, shrinks, and dies, as with the other types of sclerotherapy.

The type of sclerotherapy that your dermatologist recommends for you will depend on the type of vein issues you have.

Am I a Candidate for Sclerotherapy?

Anyone who suffers from varicose veins and spider veins is a potential candidate for sclerotherapy. Results from sclerotherapy will vary according to the individual and the extent of the vein issue. To find out if you are a good candidate for this treatment, talk to your dermatologist at Southlake Dermatology.

Varicose veins and spider veins can cause pain and low self-esteem. But you don’t have to suffer from these conditions. Treatment is available.